bobbins



" E. Y. ROBBINS.

\ Y Fireplace.

No. 68,653. Patented Sept. 10,1867.

W Losses; Y lulw@ elfe @uiten rates geteilt @time EDWARD Y. nonniNs, orCINCINNATI,

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Letters Patent No. 68,653, lated September 10, 1867.

PIRE-PLACE.

TO WHOM IT MAY CONGERN:

Be known that I, EDWARD Y. RoBnINs, of Cincinnati, in the county ofHamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Fire-Places and Grates thereforyand I hereby declare the following'to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being hadtothe accompanying drawings, making a part of this specication.

In the following specification Iuse the word grate to indicate lwhat iscommonly called the fire-basket, that is. the combination of bars whichhold the fuel.

The nature of my improvement consists mainly in giving to the grate suchshape that while the fuel is spread out into a very large and highvertical or front surface, with but little depth from the grate-barsbackward .to the brick tire-back, yet by giving a peculiar shape to thefront of the grate, a mutual cross `radiation'is secured from one partof the front surface to another, by which the main front of thc fuel iskept highly incandescent, and made to radiate much heat into the room;also, in so arranging the whole as to facilitate the cleaning of thegrate,iand to prevent ashes from dying into the room; also in utilizingthe warmth of the brickfire-back behind in a healthful way.

Figure 1 is a. section from front to back of a iire-plziceembodying myinvention. Figure 2 is a horizontal section at the line :e rc. l Figure3 is a perspective view of one-half of -my tipping canopy. Figures 4 and5 are a perspective view and avertical section of aI modificationot"myiiire-place. Figure 6, A, B, and C, represent further modificationsthereof.

In general I make the main front of the grate D nearly in the shape ofthe inner surface of the section of l a cylinder, the cylinder beingVeither circular or elliptical, or otherwise eccentric, and thepositionof the cylinder being nearly or quite perpendicular to the horizon. Incertain cases, as in warming churches andcertain other rooms, it may bebest to elevate the grate a-considerable distance above the floor.V Inthese cases, that the radiation may be more directly downward upon thefloor, the grate should notonly be curved into a concave shape in itshorizontalsections, but also in-its vertical sections, (see figs. 4 and5,) that is, its front `surface should be somewhat in the shape oftheinner surface of the section ola sphere or of a `spheroid;d or severalof` the lower bars may be placed one above the other, and those stillhigher gradually brought forward,`so that the front line of a verticalsection ofthe grate shall run nearly perpendicular for some inchesupward from the bottom, and then curve forward Inore and more to thetop, so that from that part of the grate nearest tothe floor the rays ofheat will be thrown out nearly horizontally, while those from the upperparts will be thrown more and more downward upon the door, as therelative altitude of each part requires, or the front of the grate maybe made nearly in the form of the inner surface of a` cone or ofV awedge, (see B, Iig. 6,) or of Ythe inner surfaceof three or more sidesof a cube, (see C, g. 5.) rIhe shape of the grate may be varied'more orless from -the mathematical exactness of the several shapes or figuresabove mentioned. i

In warming very large rooms the grate may consist of a series ofconcavities-or recesses of any of the above shapes placed side by side;or any similar shape may be used which shall produce the desired electby `substam tially the same means, the object boing so to arrange thediierent parts of the grate withregard to each other that the differentparts of the main front of the fuel shall be placed so in opposition orinclination to each other that the cross radiation from one part of thefront ire surface to another, asl'rom il? to Z/ and from yf to fd, shallkeep the front surface of the fuel brightly incandescent.

Another important purpose and elect of this shape of grate is that itforms a channel of draught for smoke and ashes entirely within theirc-place, and running entirely up the front of the grate from bottom totop, so

that the smoke, and the dust which rise from falling ashes, and whichmust rise in front of the grateebars whatl ever the shape of these bars`and ofthe front of the grate may be, are not projected into `the room,but having a channel and passage within and back of the plane of thejambs and arch of the mantel, rise up under and intoY the ue. Moreoverthe shape of this channel being concave or cylindrical, with the burningfuel on three sides ci' it, or rather forming three sides of it, issuch, and the heat is such, as to creatca strong draught which draws upthe dust and smoke. A further advantage is that female dress is not solikely to be brought against or upon the re, causing painful or fatalaccidents, as with other grates, The brick freback O is 'so shaped cassa2 and arranged in reference to and in combination with the grate, thatthe depth of coallm'easured-from the gratebars backward perpendicular tothe brick ire-back, shall be very small, say four, (4,) five, (5,) orsix (6) inches, more or less. The grate is lalso made-unusually high,and the coal is thus thrown or spread into a very large vertical orfront surface, -with little depth backward, so little that with theordinary shape and altitude of gratos 1 the fuel would scarcelyburn; yetby this peculiar shape, giving mutual radiations from one part of thefront of the fuel to another, the front of the tire is kept bright.Thus,` a given amount of fuel has a larger as well as a brighter frontor radiating surface than the same quantity of fuel would have in othergratos.4 This great height and shallow horizontal depth may bc givenwhatever shape the front of the grate may have. Over the back part ofthe fire, and extending forward to within a few inches of the arch ofmantel I place a canopy, E, either straight or concave below. On thefront edge of this canopy may be'placed a iiange or rim, F, extendingdownward, so that thc smoke and hot gases must not only come forward,but also descend somewhat under the dipping rim or flange before theyfinally ascend the chimney. l The canopy, when made either straight orconcave below, either with or without the dipping rim or flange, may be.made to turn upon two pivots, G, at the ends, or other similar device,or a section of it may be made so to turn that when the fire is firstkindled, or when the ashes are being cleaned out,rthe whole canopy, orthc movable section or panel of it, may be tipped un behind,thus'opening' a more direct y.draught up the chimney. Behind the vbricklire-bach there may be a warm-air space, H, built if desired, and a-passage of communication may be made between thisair-space and tileroom by loosening the ordinary iron frame I, which immediately surroundsthe frec space, and setting it outa few inches from the general face ofthe mantel, filling up the space so left by open iron fret-work or otheropen device, J. The bottom K of the grate is'cast separate from thefront, and is fastened behind with a hook or hinge, L, and held up atthe front ends to the front part of the grate by means of hooks'orbuttons M turning on rivets, or by pins; and when the grate is .to becleaned out these supports are turned or withdrawn and the front endsofthe bottom of the grate allowed to drop, or the supports may be fixed,and the grate-bottom itself movable, so as to be released from thesesupports and to drop by being pushed back or shifted sidewisc. The frontbars N are bevelled, mainly on the upper side, so as'to make the uppersurfaces slope rapidly down` ward and forward to prevent the ashes fromaccumulating or lying upon them, and to permit a more unrestrictedradiation outward and downward on to the floor of the room. The fender,and the frame which immediately surrounds the fire-space, and the entirefront of the mantel, may, if desired, be made curved, so as tocorrespond in general shape to the shape of the grate itself.

I claim herein as new, and of my invention` 5 1. I claim making thegeneral front of the grate concave throughout its height, so as to forma highly heated channel of draughtifor smoke andf the 4dust of ashes,entirely within the tire-place and up through the entire height of thegrate, and Valso to secure cross radiation for the purpose of keepingthe front of the fire bright, substantially as sot forth. p

2. I claim a grate,`composed of or containing a series of two ormo're'such concavities or recesses.

3. I claim, in certain eases, constructing the grate concave in thefront lines of its vertical as well of its horizontal sections, for thepurpose of securing a greater amount of cross radiation, z'. e., up anddown as well as from side'to side, thus increasing the brilliancy andincandescence of the front of` the fire, and causing it to radiate moreheat into the room, substantially as above set forth. g

4. In combination with a grate with its main front. shaped into vsuch arecess or recesses, I claim making the fire-back parallel or nearlyparallel with the Ygeneral front'of the grate, substantially as aboveset forth.

5. In combination with 'aigrate of the above shape, and set as abovedescribed, with shallow coal-'space from Vthe front bars backward to thebrick fire-back, I claim the use of a canopy, either horizontal oi'arched, over the back part of the fire and coming forward to within -afew inches of theareh of thc lire-place or mantel. In testimony ofwhicli invention I hereunto set my hand. p v

` E. Y. ROBBINS.

` Witnesses:

Guo. H. KNIGnr, JAMns H, LAYMAN.

